Rwanda: Bamwe mu batuye mu cyaro bavuga ko bugarijwe n'ibura ry'ibicanwa

Nta bushobozi bwo kugura gaze (gas) cyangwa amashanyarazi yo gutekesha bafite. Nta nubwo bakibona inkwi zikomoka ku biti kubera ko amashyamba agenda agabanuka cyane uko imyaka ishira.

Abo ni bamwe mu batuye mu bice by'icyaro cy'u Rwanda, aho bataka ibura rikabije ry'inkwi zo gucana, mu gihe badafite ubushobozi bwo kwigondera uburyo bugezweho bwo gutekesha.

Impirimbanyi zo kurengera ibidukikije zivuga ko ubushobozi bucye bw'abaturage bwo kugura ingufu zo gucana zidakomoka ku biti, bushobora kuba ikibazo gikomeye.

Birashoboka ko ibura ry'ibicanwa rishobora gutuma hari abahitamo kwangiza ibidukikije.

Minisiteri ishinzwe ibidukikije ivuga ko igabanuka ry'ibicanwa riteye inkeke kandi ko hacyenewe ishoramari rikomeye muri uru rwego.

Ubushakashatsi bwa karindwi ku mibereho rusange y'ingo mu Rwanda buvuga ko ikigero cy'ingo zitekesha ibicanwa bitangiza ibidukikije kiri "hasi cyane".

Emmanuelia Nikuze atuye mu murenge wa Mwendo, mu karere ka Ruhango, mu majyepfo y'u Rwanda. Ni mu gace k'imisozi miremire, ariko myinshi muri yo yambaye ubusa (nta biti biyiriho).

Avuga ko urugo rwe rubarirwa mu zifite amikoro macyeya, bitorohera kubona ibyangombwa by'ibanze. Ngo babona ibyo kurya bibagoye kuko nta n'isambu ihagije bafite.

Avuga ku bimugora mu rugo, ikibazo cy'ibicanwa (inkwi) kiza mu bya mbere.

"Kugira ngo mbone icyo gutekesha", ni ko avuga atunga urutoki, "nzamuka kiriya gisozi cya Kanyarira nkajya gutoragura udukwi duto twaguye ndetse n'ibyatsi uretse ko hari igihe abarinda ibirombe batwirukana."

Nikuze avuga ko urugendo akora ajya gushaka inkwi rumugora cyane ariko ngo nta kundi yabigenza kuko agomba gucana.

Iyo yagize amahirwe yo kubona amafaranga agura amakara. Ikibazo aya na yo arahenze cyane.

Ati: "Hari igihe ngura umufuka [w'amakara] w'ibihumbi 12 ukamara ukwezi. Cyangwa se nkaba nashaka uwo tuwuteranyiriza, gusa icyo gihe umara igihe gitoya."

Kuri we, ikibazo cy'ibicanwa kizakomeza kumugora kuko nta mashyamba menshi akibaho.

Gusa ngo abonye umuterankunga – avuga leta – ngo we na bagenzi be bakwisuganya bakaba bagerageza gutekesha gaze, aseka, ngo kuko yumvise ko itagora kandi ikaba itangiza ibidukikije.

Christophe Nsabimana, w'imyaka 71, we atuye mu murenge wa Byimana w'akarere ka Muhanga, na ho ni mu majyepfo y'igihugu.

Yabwiye BBC Gahuzamiryango ko ikibazo cy'inkwi kimugora kurusha ibiribwa ubwabyo.

Ati: "Ni ugutoratora aho hose kugira ngo urebe ko wacana. Nta mwana mfite ngo mwohereze gutashya [gutora inkwi].

"Ariko se nanamugira bwo yatashya hehe? Izo za gaze numva bavuga zo sinazibonera amafaranga."

Akarere ka Muhanga kagizwe n'imisozi miremire yahoze itwikiriwe n'amashyamba, ari na yo yatangaga inkwi zo gutekesha. Kuri ubu ahenshi ibiti byatsembwe n'ibikorwa by'abantu. Hamwe bashakisha amakara, ahandi bashaka imbaho n'ibiti byo kubakisha.

Wellars Rusibande, w'imyaka 65, utuye mu gace k'icyaro ko mu karere ka Muhanga, avuga ko igabanuka rikabije ry'amashyamba ryagize ingaruka nyinshi ku batuye mu cyaro, cyane cyane iyo bacyeneye ingufu zo gucana.

Ati: "Hari igihe ushobora kubona ibyo guteka ariko ukabwirirwa kubera ko wabuze inkwi zo gutekesha. Ibaze nawe umwase umwe ugura amafaranga 300, 400 cyangwa 500 kandi umuhinzi [uwakoze ikiraka cyo guhinga] akorera hagati ya 1000 na 1500 ku munsi. Ubwo byaba ari ugukorera inkwi kandi na zo za nta zo."

Impungenge ni zose ku mpirimbanyi zo kurengera ibidukikije, zivuga ko ubucye bw'ibicanwa bushobora gutuma amashyamba arushaho gukendera. Ibidukikije bikahazaharira ariko n'ikibazo cy'ibicanwa kikarushaho kuba ingorabahizi.

Dr Frank Habineza ni umukuru w'ishyaka riharanira kurengera ibidukikije, 'Democratic Green Party of Rwanda'.

Ati: "Impungenge zo ntizabura kuko nta nkwi bafite kandi bacyeneye guteka.

"Nibatazibona rero bazajya gutema amashyamba, rimwe na rimwe banayateme nabi.

"Ni ikibazo gikomeye kuko uretse inkwi, ibi biti ni na byo byaturindaga isuri kuko u Rwanda ari igihugu kigizwe n'imisozi myinshi."

Habineza avuga ko ishyaka rye ryakoze imishinga yo muri uru rwego ndetse rikayishyikiriza leta uretse ko itarashyirwa mu bikorwa.

Avuga ko Abanyarwanda bakwiye gufashwa kubona uburyo bwo kubona ingufu zo gucana zitari ibiti, mu kurengera ibidukikije.

Ati: "Ingo zibamo imyanda myinshi. Abaturage bafashwa kubyaza iyi myanda ingufu zo gutekesha. Dore nawe nka kiriya kimoteri cya Nduba [mu mujyi wa Kigali] gihora kiduteza ingorane. Kiriya cyabyazwa ingufu nyinshi zafasha abaturage."

Avuga ku ngufu za gaze, Habineza asanga ihenze cyane kuburyo bica intege n'uwaba ashaka kuyikoresha.

Ati: "Twasabye leta gukuraho imisoro kuri gaze kugira ngo abaturage [n'abacyene] bashishikarizwe kuyikoresha. Hakongerwa kandi n'ibigega byo kuyihunikamo hano mu gihugu kuko ituruka hanze. Ibaye nyinshi yagabanuka igiciro."

Minisiteri ishinzwe ibidukikije na yo ivuga ko igabanuka ry'ingufu z'ibicanwa riteye inkeke kandi ko hacyenewe ishoramari rikomeye muri uru rwego.

Ubwo yari imbere ya sena mu cyumweru gishize, Minisitiri w'ibidukikije Dr Valentine Uwamariya yavuze ko ikibazo gikomeye kigaragara mu mashuri, akoresha inkwi zingana na 45% y'ibiti bicanwa buri mwaka.

Kuba ibicanwa byinshi bigikomoka ku biti, leta y'u Rwanda isanga ngo ari ikibazo gikomeye kuko ari uburyo bworoshye bwo gutsemba ibidukikije.

Bitarenze mu mwaka wa 2030, leta y'u Rwanda ivuga ko yifuza kuba yagabanyije ingufu z'ibicanwa bikomoka ku biti bikagera nibura kuri 42%.

Gusa ngo kugera kuri icyo kigero bizacyenera ingengo y'imari yihagazeho kuko bizasaba leta atari hasi ya miliyari imwe n'igice y'amadolari y'Amerika.

Ubushakashatsi bwa karindwi ku mibereho rusange y'ingo mu Rwanda, leta yatangaje muri Mata (4) uyu mwaka, buvuga ko ikigero cy'ingo zitekesha ibicanwa bitangiza ibidukikije kiri "hasi cyane", aho 5% by'ingo zo mu gihugu ari zo zitekesha ibicanwa bitangiza ibidukikije, zivuye kuri 1% mu mwaka wa 2017.

Ibyo bicanwa bitangiza ibidukikije birimo nka gaze, biyogaze n'amashanyarazi.

Ubwo bushakashatsi buvuga ko mu cyaro, ingo zingana na 1% ari zo zitekesha ibicanwa bitangiza ibidukikije, ziyongereye zivuye kuri 0,2% mu 2017. Mu mijyi, ingo 17% zitekesha ibicanwa bitangiza ibidukikije, zikaba zariyongereye zivuye kuri 5% mu 2017, nkuko ubwo bushakashatsi bubivuga.