Rwanda: Paleti nk'amahitamo 'meza' yo gutekesha mu gihe amakara, inkwi na gaz bigoye

Ubushakashatsi buheruka ku mibereho y'ingo mu Rwanda bugaragaza ko 75% by'ingo zigitekesha inkwi, 18% amakara, naho 5% zitekesha gaz, biogas n'amashanyarazi, gusa muri rusange ubu Abanyarwanda bavuga ko ibitekeshwa bihenze.

Hagati aho leta yashyize imbaraga mu kurwanya ingufu z'ibicanwa zangiza ibidukikije cyane cyane ibisaba gutema amashyamba. Ibi bituma amakara n'inkwi bigenda bihenda kandi biba bicye ku isoko.

Mu mijyi ingo zitekesha inkwi n'amakara zigenda zigabanuka ugereranyije no mu cyaro aho 93% by'ingo zitekesha inkwi. Mu mujyi wa Kigali ingo zitekesha gaz zigeza kuri 23% mu gihe izitekesha amakara ari 59% naho 17% ziracyatekesha inkwi, nk'uko ubushakashatsi ku mibereho y'ingo bwa 2023/2024 bubivuga.

Paleti (pellets), ubwoko urebye bushya mu Rwanda bw'ibicanishwa ni andi mahitamo mashya ari gutangira kuboneka mu bikoni by'ingo zo mu mijyi, abazikoresha bavuga ko zihendutse ugereranyije n'ibindi batekeshaga mbere.

Beata Mukabadege aba i Nyamirambo mu mujyi wa Kigali, namusuye mu masaha ya saa sita nsanga arimo gutegurira umuryango we ifunguro rya ku manywa. Amaze amezi akoresha paleti, kandi avuga ko abona itandukanye.

Ati: "Nakoreshaga nk'imifuka itatu y'amakara ku kwezi, bikantwara nka 27,000Frw. Ubu nkoresha imifuka ibiri ya paleti ku kwezi ikantwara 12,000Frw".

Mukabadege avuga ko yungutse mu mafaranga, ko paleti zifite isuku, zidatera imyotsi kandi kuzikoresha bitekanye.

Paleti ni iki?

Ni ibicanwa bikorwa mu bisigazwa by'ibiti, nk'ibarizo(umurama) riboneka ahatunganywa imbaho, bimwe mu bice by'igiti bidakoreshwa nk'ibishyitsi, n'amashami mabi atavamo imbaho, n'ibisigazwa by'ibihingwa bimwe na bimwe.

Imashini zabugenewe zisya ubu bwoko bw'ibiti bidakenewe zikabivanamo utubango duto twiburungushuye nk'isegereti ari na two dutekeshwa mu mbabura zabugenewe.

BioMassters, ikigo cyashoye imari muri ibi bicanwa mu Rwanda, kivuga ko paleti zidahumanya ikirere kuko zidasohora imyotsi kandi zikaboneka bitabaye ngombwa gutema amashyamba.

Innocent Nsekeyukunze, inzobere mu gutunganya ibi bicanwa avuga ko paleti ari amahitamo meza muri iki gihe inkwi n'amakara birimo gukendera.

Ati: "Ahantu twakuze hari amashyamba ubu hahindutse ubutayu kubera gutwika amakara no gushaka inkwi zo gucana.

"Birasaba rero ko dushaka bya bindi byapfaga ubusa twatwikaga akaba ari byo tubyaza umusaruro. Dukenera ibarizo, ibitiritiri by'ibigori, ibishishwa by'ikawa cyangwa by'umuceri. Noneho amashyamba yacu tukayabungabunga akazakorwamo imbaho ibisigaye tukabikoramo paleti".

Ikilo kimwe cya paleti kigura 300Frw, umuryango w'abantu batanu ushobora gukoresha ibiro 40 ku kwezi bya paleti, ni amafaranga 12,000Frw ku kwezi.

Gusa haracyari ikibazo cy'imbabura zicana paleti aho imwe igura 80,000Frw, igiciro bamwe bavuga ko kiri hejuru. Leta ivuga ko ubu yishyura 1/2 cy'icyo giciro ku muturage uyiguze muri gahunda yayo ya 'nkunganire'.

Claudia Muench washinze kandi ukuriye ikigo BioMassters avuga ko paleti zigabanya ibiti bikoreshwa mu guteka "ku rugero rwa 90% ugereranyije n'ibikoreshwa mu gutwika amakara".

Ati: "Paleti zigabanya cyane imyotsi yoherezwa mu kirere, bivuze ko ari nziza ku buzima bw'abantu no ku bidukikije.

"Ni uburyo bwiza bwo gutekesha, buhendutse ugereranije n'amakara kandi bufite isuku…Rero inyungu zabwo ziri ku mpande zose."

Iki kigo kivuga ko gifite abaguzi 6,000 bahoraho ba paleti mu mijyi ya Gisenyi, Kigali no mu karere ka Bugesera, aba baracyari bacye ugereranyije n'ubushobozi bwo gukora toni imwe n'igice ya paleti ku isaha iki kigo kivuga ko gifite.