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0.5rem;border-bottom:0.0625rem solid #E6E8EA;}.bbc-89wdkq{padding:0.75rem 0;border-bottom:0.0625rem solid #E6E8EA;}.bbc-89wdkq:last-child{padding-bottom:0.25rem;border:0;}.bbc-1725uln{font-size:0.9375rem;line-height:1.5rem;font-family:"BBC Reith Qalam","Times New Roman",Arial,Verdana,Geneva,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#141414;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;padding:0.75rem 0;display:inline-block;}@media (min-width: 20rem) and (max-width: 37.4375rem){.bbc-1725uln{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.bbc-1725uln{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem;}}.bbc-1725uln:hover,.bbc-1725uln:focus{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#B80000;}.bbc-rgpi3z{position:absolute;width:calc(100vw - 0.8rem);inset-inline-start:0;}@media (min-width: 1041px){.bbc-rgpi3z{width:calc(100vw + 0.8rem);inset-inline-start:calc(-1 * (100vw - 1014px) / 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a{padding:0;}.bbc-w6hk32{font-family:"BBC Reith Qalam","Times New Roman",Arial,Verdana,Geneva,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;color:#FFFFFF;padding:0.75rem 0 0.75rem;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline;}.bbc-w6hk32:hover,.bbc-w6hk32:focus{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible,button[type='submit']:focus-visible,button[type='button']:focus-visible,h3:focus-visible{outline:0.1875rem solid #000000;box-shadow:0 0 0 0.1875rem #FFFFFF;outline-offset:0.1875rem;}a.focusIndicatorRemove:focus-visible,button.focusIndicatorRemove:focus-visible{outline:none;box-shadow:none;outline-offset:0;}a.focusIndicatorDisplayBlock:focus-visible{display:block;}a.focusIndicatorDisplayInlineBlock:focus-visible{display:inline-block;width:100%;}a.focusIndicatorDisplayTableCell:focus-visible{display:table-cell;}a.focusIndicatorReducedWidth:focus-visible{outline:0.125rem solid #000000;box-shadow:0 0 0 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دې لپاره چې انټرنېټ مو لږ مصرف شي، یوازې متن ولولئ
امریکا ته د افغانانو پر سفر بندیز: څوک د ورتګ اجازه لري؟ ۱۶ غبرګولی ۱۴۰۴ - ۶ جون ۲۰۲۵
د امریکا ولسمشر ډونلډ ټرمپ امریکا ته د سفر کولو په تړاو نوي حکم کې، افغانستان د هغو هېوادونو په نوملړ کې راوستی دی چې اتباع یې په بشپړ ډول دغه هېواد ته له ننوتلو منع شوي دي.
د دغه حکم له مخې د افغانستان او ۱۱ نورو هېوادونو وګړي د امریکا خاورې ته له ورتګ منع شوي. ۱۱ نور هېوادونه ایران، یمن، لېبیا، سودان، سومالیا، استوايي ګیانا، چاد، کانګو، برما، اریتریا او هایتي دي.
سپینې ماڼۍ ویلي، دا بندیزونه د راتلونکې دوشنبې له ورځې چې د (جون ۹مې) سره برابره ده، د پلي کېدو وړ دي.
د امریکا دې پرېکړې دغه هېواد کې دننه او بهر د افغانانو تر منځ پراخې اندېښنې او پوښتنې راپورته کړې دي.
دا بندیز د هغو د زرګونو افغانانو پر بیا مېشتېدنه اغېز کولی شي چې له وړاندې منل شوي دي.
یو شمېر فعالان او د بشري حقونو ډلې د همدې فرمان د پایلو په تړاو اندېښمن دي، په تېره د هغو افغانانو د راتلونکې په اړه یې اندېښنې ډېرې کړې دي چې له امریکايي ځواکونو سره یې کار کړی دی.
په نوي فرمان کې د افغانانو پر سفر د بندیز لاملونه څه دي؟ د ډونلډ ټرمپ لخوا په صادر شوي اجرایوي فرمان کې، پر افغان وګړو د دغو بندیزونو لامل پر افغانستان د طالبانو واک یاد شوی چې دا "ډله په نړیوالو ترهګریزو ډلو" کې (SDGTs) راځي.
د پاسپورټونو او مدني اسنادو د صادرولو لپاره د باور وړ او همکارې مرکزي ادارې نشتوالی، او دغه راز متحده ایالاتو ته د سفر لپاره د غوښتونکو د شالېد بیاکتنې او ارزونې لپاره د اغیزمن سیسټم نشتوالی نور دلایل یاد شوي.
پر دې سربېره د امریکا د کورني امنیت وزارت د ۲۰۲۳ مالي کال راپور کې د هغو افغانانو لوړې کچې ته هم اشاره شوې چې امریکا ته د سوداګرۍ، ګرځندوی، زدکړو او کلتوري راکړې ورکړې په وېزو تللي او د وېزو له وخت وروسته هم هلته امریکا کې پاتې شوي دي. دا موضوع هم د بندیزینو لګولو لپاره یو اغېزمن لامل بلل شوی.
کوم افغانان امریکا ته د تګ اجازه لري؟ په دغه فرمان کې امریکا ته د افغان وګړو د سفر لپاره ځينې استثناوې هم په نظر کې نیول شوې دی.
هغه کسان چې په امریکا کې د دایمي استوګنې اجازه (ګرین کارت) لري، یا د دغه فرمان له پلي کېدو وړاندې یې د امریکا ویزه ترلاسه کړې وي. هغه افغان وګړي چې دوه تابعیتونه ولري او د هغه هېواد پر پاسپورټ امریکا ته سفر کوي چې امریکا ته پر ورتګ د بندیزونو په نوملړ کې نه وي. هغه افغانان چې (SIV) یا د امریکا د کډوالۍ ځانګړې ویزه لري. د هغو کسانو نږدې کورنۍ (ښځه/مېړه او کوچني ماشومان) چې (SIV) یا د امریکا د کډوالۍ ځانګړې ویزه لري. هغه وګړي چې په ډیپلوماټیکو ویزو د ملګرو ملتونو سازمان او یا ناټو په غونډو کې چې په امریکا کې ترسره کېږي ګډون کوي. لوبغاړي، روزونکي او د لوبډلو نورو غړي چې نړیوال جام، المپیکي لوبو یا نورو سیالیو کې د ګډون لپاره بلل شوي وي او یا یې لاره ورته پیدا کړې وي. هغه کسان چې په امریکا کې یې پناه ورکړل شوې وي یا هغه کسان چې دغه هېواد ته له وړاندې د کډوالو په توګه تللي وي. هغه کسان چې د ایستلو پرېکړه یې ځنډلې او یا د ځينو چلندونو لکه "ظالمانه سزا، نا انساني او سپکاوي چلندونو" سره مخامخ دي او یا د ځورونې ضد کنوانسیون ملاتړ ولري. په دغه فرمان کې راغلي دي: "په دې حکم کې هیڅ شی باید داسې تفسیر نه شي چې د متحده ایالاتو له قانون سره سم د هغو کسانو حق ته زیان ورسېږي چې د پناه غوښتنې کوي، د کډوالۍ دریځ اغېزمن کړي، د شکنجې پر ضد کنوانسیون ملاتړ ولري او هغه کسان چې د ایستلو بهیر یې ځنډېدلې."
په ورته وخت کې، دا لا نه ده روښانه چې دا حکم به د هغو لسګونو زرو افغان وګړو پر راتلونکې څه اغېز ولري چې د کډوالۍ بېلا بېلو پروګرامونو کې امریکا ته د تلو په تمه دي.
هغه افغانان چې امریکا ته روان دي د نوي فرمان له اعلانېدو مخکې، د یوې خیریې ډلې مشر شان وانډایور چې له هغو افغانانو سره د بیا مېشتېدنې په برخه کې مرسته کوي چې له امریکايي ځواکونو سره یې کار کړی وي، نیویارک ټایمز ورځپاڼې ته ویلي و "۲۰۰۰۰" افغانان په افغانستان کې او شاوخوا "۵۱۰۰۰" نور په بهر کې (چې ډېر یې په پاکستان کې دي) امریکا ته د تګ په تمه دي او د دوی ډېر یې د امنیتي څېړنو له پړاوه هم تېر شوي دي.
په قطر او البانیا کې څو زره نور منل شوي افغانان هم متحده ایالاتو ته د تلو په تمه دي.
د استازو مجلس غړی مایکل مککال چې پخوا د بهرنیو اړیکو مشر هم و، وړاندې یې ویلي و چې په امریکا کې د افغانانو د بیا مېشتېدنې د پروګرام په تړاو هم اندېښمن دی چې اغېزمن شي. هغه زیاته کړې وه "له بهرنیو چارو وزیر مارکو روبیو غواړم چې له افغانانو سره هغو ژمنو ته درناوی وشي چې له امریکا سره یې کار کړی دی."
د امریکا د کورني امنیت وزارت د راپور له مخې، په ۲۰۲۱ کال کې د "متحدینو د هرکلي" په نوم د عملیاتو په ترڅ کې له ۹۰ زره ډېر افغانان امریکا ته وړل شوي دي. شاوخوا ۴۰ زره نور په ځینو نورو هېوادونو کې ځای پر ځای شول.
د امریکا د کورني امنیت وزارت په وینا، په ۲۰۲۱ کال کې د "متحدینو هرکلی" په نوم د عملیاتو په ترڅ کې له ۹۰،۰۰۰ ډیر افغانان متحده ایالاتو ته راوړل شول. شاوخوا ۴۰،۰۰۰ نور په نورو هېوادونو کې ځای پر ځای شول.
په امریکا کې مېشت افغانان د ایستلو له ګواښ سره مخامخ دي؟ اوسمهال داسې کومه نښه نشته چې په امریکا کې دې مېشت افغانان د ایستلو له ګواښ سره مخامخ وي.
په دې وروستیو کې، یو شمیر افغانان چې په ناقانونه توګه امریکا ته ننوتي وو، نیول شوي او پاناما ته لېږدول شوي دي.
له امریکا ایستل شوي لسګونه کډوال پاناما له پنډغالو خوشې کړي او یوه میاشت یې وخت ورکړی چې هغه هېواد پرېږدي.
ارزو بهبانو د هغو ۷ افغانانو له ډلې یوه ده چې له امریکا د ایستل شوو ۳۰۰ کډوالو په ډله کې وه. هغې بي بي سي ته وویل: "امریکا ته د رسېدو لپاره له ۱۱ هېوادونو تېره شوم. دوه کاله مې پر لاره وم."
ځينې "ګرین کارت" لرونکي افغانان وايي چې دوی له دې وېره لري، که له امریکا بهر سفر وکړي، نو ښايي بېرته امریکا ته د دننه کېدو اجازه ورنکړل شي.
تر اوسه داسې کومه نښه نه ده لیدل شوې چې امریکا د طالبانو تر واک لاندې افغانستان ته د افغانانو د بېرته لېږلو په اړه فکر کوي، خو د جرمني په ګډون ځینو نورو هېوادونو تېر کال د طالبانو له حکومت سره د هوکړو له مخې یو شمېر افغان مجرمین کابل ته لېږلي دی. داسې ښکاري چې ښايي د جرمني نوی حکومت هم دغه بهیر ته دوام ورکړي.
د هېوادنو په لومړني نوملړ کې د ۴۳ هېوادونو نومونه راغلي چې په "سور، نارنجي او ژېړ رنګه" کټګوریو وېشل شوي دي. افغانستان او ایران په سور نوملړ کې ځای شوي دي.
د ټرمپ له زاړه فرمان سره یې توپیر څه دی؟ ډونلډ ټرمپ د کډوالۍ فرمان تر لاسلیکولو وروسته سپینې ماڼۍ ته د تګ او کار پر لومړۍ ورځ، د بهرنیو چارو وزارت ته ۶۰ ورځې وخت ورکړی و چې د هېوادونو نوملړ چمتو کړي. د عدلیې وزارت، د کورني امنیت وزارت او د امریکا د معلوماتو ملي ادارې ته دنده سپارل شوې وه چې په دې پروژه کې همکاري وکړي.
د خپل کار په لومړۍ ورځ د اجرایوي فرمان له لاسلیک کولو وروسته، ډونلډ ټرمپ د بهرنیو چارو وزارت ته ۶۰ ورځې وخت ورکړ چې د هېوادونو نوملړ چمتو کړي. د عدلیې او د کورني امنیت وزارتونه، او د ملي استخباراتو د رییس دفتر ته دنده وسپارل شوه چې په دې پروژه کې همکاري وکړي.
ښاغلي ټرمپ په ۲۰۱۷ کال کې د خپلې ولسمشرۍ د لومړۍ دورې پر مهال د ۷ هېوادونو پر وګړو امریکا ته پر ورتګ بندیز لګولی وو. د هغه بندیز موخه "د ترهګرۍ ګواښونو ضد ګام" بلل شوی و، له دغه ډلې ډېر یې مسلمان هېوادونه وو.
د سفر په پخواني اجرایوي فرمان کې چې د ۲۰۱۷ کال د جنورۍ پر ۲۷مه صادر شوی و، پر "مسلمانانو بندیز" په نوم پېژندل کېده چې له مخې یې امریکا ته د ایران، عراق، لېبیا، سومالیا، سودان، سوریې او یمن وګړو پر ورتګ بندیز ولګېد.
هغه فرمان څو ځله اصلاح شو او له قانوني ننګونو سره مخامخ شو. فدرالي محکمو د هغه بندیز د لومړۍ نسخې مخه ونیوله. د هغه فرمان وروستۍ نسخې چې په ۲۰۱۸ کال د سترې محکمې لخوا هم ومنل شوې، ایران، لېبیا، سومالیا، سوریه، یمن، سویلي کوریا او وینزویلا هېوادونه پکې و چې په چورلټ ډول مسلمان هېواونه هرف نه و ګرځول شوي.
د هغه فرمان په پایله کې لسګونه زره وېزې لغوه شوې. ډېرې کورنۍ یو له بله سره جلا شوې او د ځینو هېوادونو قانوني اوسېدونکي له ګڼو ستونزو سره مخ وو. په ۲۰۲۱ کال کې جوبایډن د خپلې ولسمشرۍ په لومړۍ ورځ (د ۲۰۲۱ کال د جنوري پر ۲۰مه) دا فرمان لغوه کړ.
ډونلډ ټرمپ د ۲۰۱۵ کال په ډسمبر میاشت کې د لومړۍ دورې ولسمشرۍ ټاکنو لپاره د کمپاین پر مهال "امریکا ته د مسلمانانو پر ورتګ" د بندیز غوښتنه کړې وه.
جو بایډین د ۲۰۲۱ کال په جون میاشت کې په سملاسي توګه امریکا ته پر سفرونو د ټرمپ لخوا لګول شوي بندیزونه لغوه کړل او هغه یې "پر ملي وجدان یو داغ" او "د امریکا له پخوانیو ارزښتونو سره په ټکر کې" بللي وو.
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